Venomous aquatic insects in Nagaland may pose hidden health risk in Assam: Experts

Guwahati: A recent scientific study conducted in Nagaland's Dimapur has raised serious concerns about the presence of venomous aquatic insects in ponds and water bodies, with experts warning that similar species may also exist in Assam, potentially posing an unnoticed public health risk.

The study, led by Karthik Sunagar and his research team, was published in a scientific journal on March 26. It examined three species of water-dwelling insects found in a pond in Dimapur, revealing that their venom contains proteins similar to those found in viper snake venom.

According to researchers, these insects use extremely fine, needle-like appendages, thinner than a syringe, to inject venom into their prey, immobilising them instantly.

Experts say these insects can both swim and fly, often hiding beneath mud or debris in stagnant water bodies. While they generally avoid human contact, accidental encounters can occur when people step on them while fishing or wading in ponds. “The bite can be extremely painful, sometimes causing severe swelling, and in rare cases may lead to serious complications,” said Surajit Giri, a snakebite awareness activist associated with rural healthcare in Assam.

Giri further noted that in some cases, the venom may prevent blood clotting, similar to viper bites. This can result in prolonged bleeding if internal haemorrhage occurs. He cited a suspected case from Assam where an elderly man reportedly died within a short period after experiencing intense pain and symptoms resembling a stroke, possibly triggered by venom-induced bleeding in the brain.

Medical experts caution that such incidents are often misidentified as snakebites due to the sudden onset of pain and the lack of visible bite marks. They have urged increased awareness, proper documentation, and scientific investigation into unexplained water-related injuries or deaths.

Authorities and healthcare workers are now appealing to the public to report unusual insect sightings or unexplained injuries linked to water bodies.

“Community participation is crucial to understand and combat this hidden threat,” Giri said.